In Japan, the legal drinking age is 20 years old. This means that you must be at least 20 years of age to purchase, consume, or be served alcoholic beverages anywhere in the country.
This law applies universally to everyone within Japanese borders, regardless of nationality or country of origin. Foreign tourists and residents alike must adhere to this regulation, which is strictly enforced throughout Japan.
It’s important to note that despite Japan’s recent change to the age of adulthood from 20 to 18 in April 2022, the legal drinking age remains firmly set at 20.
This legislative update allowed 18 and 19-year-olds to sign contracts and get married without parental consent, but it deliberately maintained age restrictions for activities considered potentially harmful, including drinking alcohol, and smoking. The penalties for underage drinking in Japan can be significant.
While underage drinkers themselves may face warnings or minor penalties, the more severe consequences typically fall on establishments and individuals who provide alcohol to minors. Businesses caught selling alcohol to underage customers can face:
- Substantial fines (up to several hundred thousand yen)
- Temporary business suspension
- Potential revocation of their liquor license
- Damage to their reputation
When purchasing alcohol in Japan, ID verification is taken seriously. If you appear to be under 30, expect to be asked for identification at bars, restaurants, convenience stores, and supermarkets.
For foreign visitors, a passport serves as the most reliable form of identification, though some establishments may accept other government-issued photo IDs.
Japan’s current drinking age legislation dates back to 1922 when the Juvenile Law established 20 as the age at which a person could legally consume alcohol.
Prior to this standardization, drinking ages varied by region and were often determined by local customs rather than national law.
This century-old regulation has remained unchanged despite various social and cultural shifts in Japanese society, reflecting the country’s conservative approach to alcohol regulation and youth protection.
The 20-year threshold aligns with seijin-no-hi (Coming of Age Day), a national holiday celebrating those who have reached adulthood.
This cultural milestone reinforces the significance of turning 20 in Japanese society as the traditional entry point into full adult responsibilities and privileges.
Drinking Laws for Foreigners in Japan
Foreign visitors to Japan are often curious about whether different rules apply to them regarding alcohol consumption. The answer is straightforward: Japan’s drinking laws apply equally to everyone within its borders, regardless of nationality or residency status.
Same Laws Apply to Everyone
When you visit Japan, you’re subject to the same drinking regulations as Japanese citizens. This means:
- You must be at least 20 years old to legally purchase or consume alcohol
- This age requirement applies whether you’re a tourist staying for a week or an expatriate living in Japan for years
- No exceptions are made based on the legal drinking age in your home country
Many tourists from countries with lower drinking ages (like parts of Europe where the age is 18) mistakenly believe they can drink in Japan if they’re legal in their home country. This is not the case – Japanese law takes precedence while you’re in Japan.
Required Identification for Foreigners
When purchasing alcohol in Japan, you may be asked to prove your age with valid identification:
- Your passport is the most widely accepted form of ID for foreign visitors
- Foreign driver’s licenses are generally not recognized for age verification
- Residence cards (zairyu cards) are acceptable for foreign residents
- International student IDs are typically not sufficient on their own
Many establishments have become more stringent about checking IDs in recent years, especially in areas frequented by tourists. Don’t be surprised if you’re asked for identification even if you appear well over 20.
Common Misconceptions
Several misconceptions exist about drinking in Japan as a foreigner:
- “Foreigners get special treatment” – False. The law applies equally to everyone.
- “No one will check my ID” – While enforcement varies, many places do check, particularly in tourist areas.
- “I can drink if I’m with Japanese adults” – Having Japanese companions doesn’t exempt you from age restrictions.
- “The drinking age is different in rural areas” – The 20-year minimum is national law and applies throughout Japan.
Legal Consequences for Violations
Breaking Japan’s drinking laws can result in serious consequences:
- Underage drinking can result in fines of up to ¥500,000 (approximately $3,500)
- Establishments caught serving minors face even steeper penalties and potential license revocation
- For foreign visitors, alcohol-related infractions could affect your visa status or future entry permission
- In severe cases involving public disturbances, detention and deportation are possible outcomes
How Drinking Laws Are Enforced for Visitors
Enforcement of drinking laws for foreigners typically occurs in several contexts:
| Enforcement Setting | Typical Approach | What to Expect |
|---|---|---|
| Retail Purchases | ID verification at point of sale | Cashiers may refuse sale without proper ID |
| Bars & Izakayas | Door checks or ID verification when ordering | Entry or service refusal for those without ID |
| Public Spaces | Police intervention for disruptive behavior | Officers may check ID if alcohol-related incidents occur |
| Hotels & Ryokans | Minimal enforcement unless problems arise | Staff may intervene if underage drinking is obvious |
While Japanese authorities generally take a measured approach to enforcement, they become much stricter when public safety is concerned or when individuals are visibly intoxicated and causing disturbances.
“In Japan, the social contract regarding alcohol is taken seriously. The expectation is that everyone—Japanese or foreign—will respect the laws and cultural norms around drinking.” – Common sentiment among Japanese hospitality workers
Understanding and respecting Japan’s drinking laws will ensure your visit remains enjoyable and trouble-free.
Remember that these regulations exist not only as legal requirements but as part of Japan’s broader cultural approach to alcohol consumption, which emphasizes responsibility and moderation.
Where and When You Can Consume Alcohol in Japan
Japan offers numerous venues and opportunities for enjoying alcoholic beverages, but understanding where and when you can drink is essential for both tourists and residents.
Unlike many Western countries, Japan has relatively relaxed regulations regarding where you can consume alcohol, but stricter controls on when and how it can be purchased.
Public Drinking Regulations
One of the most surprising aspects of Japanese drinking culture for many visitors is the legality of public alcohol consumption. Unlike countries with open container laws:
- Drinking in public spaces is generally legal throughout Japan
- There are no nationwide restrictions against carrying open alcohol containers
- You can purchase and consume alcohol in public areas such as streets, parks, and some public transportation
However, just because you can drink in public doesn’t mean you always should. Japanese society values consideration for others, and public drunkenness or disruptive behavior is strongly frowned upon.
The cultural expectation is that you’ll drink responsibly and maintain proper decorum regardless of location.
Bar and Restaurant Hours
Bars and restaurants in Japan typically operate with considerable flexibility regarding alcohol service:
- Most establishments begin serving alcohol around 11:00 AM or noon
- Many bars remain open until the early morning hours (2:00-5:00 AM)
- There are no nationwide mandated “last call” times
- Some areas, particularly in Tokyo and other major cities, have establishments open 24 hours
In business districts, you’ll find many izakayas (Japanese pubs) filled with office workers from around 6:00 PM until the last trains depart around midnight. High-end bars and nightclubs often don’t get busy until after 10:00 PM and continue operating well into the morning.
Convenience Stores and Vending Machines
Japan’s convenience stores (konbini) and unique alcohol vending machines offer additional purchasing options:
Convenience Stores
- Open 24/7 in most urban areas
- Sell a wide variety of alcoholic beverages at reasonable prices
- Require ID verification for anyone who appears under 20
- No time restrictions on alcohol sales in most regions
Alcohol Vending Machines
- Once common throughout Japan but increasingly rare
- Modern machines require IC card verification to confirm age
- Most vending machines are programmed to stop selling alcohol between 11:00 PM and 5:00 AM
- Primarily found in rural areas and older neighborhoods
Travel Tip: Convenience stores like 7-Eleven, Lawson, and Family Mart offer excellent selections of affordable beer, chu-hai (shochu highballs), and even sake at prices much lower than restaurants or bars.
Drinking in Public Spaces
While legally permissible, drinking in various public spaces comes with different social expectations:
| Location | Acceptability | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Parks | Generally acceptable | Common during cherry blossom season and festivals |
| Streets | Acceptable with discretion | Avoid blocking pedestrian traffic |
| Trains | Technically allowed but discouraged | Acceptable on some long-distance trains and shinkansen |
| Buses | Generally frowned upon | Best avoided |
| Beaches | Generally acceptable | Popular during summer months |
Cherry blossom season (hanami) represents a notable exception when public drinking is not only accepted but embraced as part of the cultural celebration. During this time, parks throughout Japan fill with groups enjoying food and drinks under blooming cherry trees.
Regional Variations
Drinking regulations can vary by municipality and region:
- Tokyo: Some parks, like Yoyogi Park, have designated areas where alcohol consumption is prohibited
- Osaka: Generally more relaxed attitude toward public drinking
- Kyoto: More conservative approach, especially near historical sites and temples
- Okinawa: Beach drinking is common, but some beaches have implemented restrictions
Some cities have implemented ordinances against public drinking in specific areas, particularly those that have experienced problems with rowdy behavior. Always check for posted signs indicating any local restrictions.
Event-Specific Restrictions
Certain events and venues may have their own rules regarding alcohol:
- Festivals (matsuri): Usually permit and even encourage drinking within festival grounds
- Sporting events: Typically allow alcohol sales and consumption within the venue
- Concerts and music venues: Policies vary; major venues often sell alcohol but may restrict bringing your own
- Religious sites: Drinking is generally prohibited on temple and shrine grounds (except during sanctioned events)
During major holidays like New Year’s Eve or large public events, temporary restrictions might be implemented in certain areas to maintain public safety.
Cultural Note: While drinking in public is legal, carrying an open container into a restaurant or shop that sells its own alcohol is considered extremely rude and is not permitted.
Understanding these nuances about where and when you can drink in Japan will help you enjoy the country’s rich drinking culture while respecting local customs and expectations.
Japanese Drinking Culture and Etiquette
Japan’s drinking culture is steeped in tradition and social customs that date back centuries. Understanding these unwritten rules can enhance your experience and help you avoid inadvertently causing offense.
From business gatherings to casual outings with friends, alcohol often serves as a social lubricant that facilitates bonding and relationship-building in Japanese society.
Pouring Drinks for Others
In Japanese drinking culture, one of the most fundamental rules is never to pour your own drink. Instead, it’s customary to pour for others and allow them to reciprocate. This practice, known as o-shaku, is considered an expression of hospitality and mutual respect.
When someone pours for you, it’s polite to:
- Hold your glass with both hands or with your right hand while supporting your right elbow with your left hand
- Lift your glass slightly toward the person pouring
- Express gratitude with a simple “thank you” (arigatō gozaimasu)
For higher-status individuals like business superiors or elders, this ritual carries even greater significance. If you’re drinking with colleagues or clients, pay attention to empty glasses around you and offer to refill them before your companions need to ask.
Toasting Customs and “Kampai”
No drinking session in Japan begins without the essential toast of “Kampai!” (乾杯), which literally means “dry cup” but functions similarly to “cheers” in English. When participating in a toast:
- Wait until everyone has their drinks
- Hold your glass at chest level
- Make eye contact with others as you say “kampai”
- Lightly touch glasses with those seated near you (though this is less common in formal settings)
Following the toast, it’s customary to take at least a small sip before setting your glass down. In more formal settings, the most senior person typically initiates the kampai, sometimes with a brief speech.
Nomikai: The Art of Japanese Drinking Parties
Nomikai (飲み会) are social drinking gatherings that play a crucial role in Japanese social and professional life. These events range from casual after-work drinks to elaborate planned parties. They serve several important functions:
- Building relationships outside formal contexts
- Relieving stress and workplace tensions
- Facilitating honest communication that might be difficult during regular work hours
A typical nomikai often follows a set pattern:
- An initial kampai and first round of drinks
- Ordering of shared food dishes
- Multiple rounds of drinks and conversation
- A signal for the “last order”
- Group departure and sometimes a “second party” (nijikai) at another venue
Business Drinking Culture
Business drinking in Japan, or tsukiai (付き合い), is considered an extension of work rather than purely social activity. These gatherings serve to:
- Strengthen team bonds
- Build trust with clients and partners
- Discuss matters that are too sensitive for the office environment
“The true business meeting begins after 5 pm” is a saying that reflects the importance of after-hours socializing in Japanese business culture.
During business drinking sessions:
- Hierarchy remains important, with juniors showing deference to seniors
- Business cards may be exchanged if meeting for the first time
- Conversation typically begins with work topics but often shifts to more personal matters
- The most senior person or host usually handles the bill
Refusing Drinks Politely
While drinking is deeply embedded in Japanese social culture, there are acceptable ways to decline alcohol if you prefer not to drink:
- Cite health reasons: “Sumimasen, kenkō no riyū de…” (Excuse me, for health reasons…)
- Mention medication: “Kusuri o nonde iru node…” (I’m taking medication so…)
- Explain you’re the designated driver: “Unten suru node…” (I’m driving so…)
If you do decline alcohol, it’s considerate to:
- Request a non-alcoholic alternative like oolong tea or juice
- Still participate in toasts with your non-alcoholic beverage
- Pour drinks for others even if you’re not drinking yourself
The Importance of Pacing and Eating While Drinking
Japanese drinking sessions typically include food, known as otsumami (おつまみ) or sakana (肴), which serves both cultural and practical purposes:
| Food Type | Common Examples | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Small dishes | Edamame, pickles, grilled skewers | Slow alcohol absorption |
| Shared plates | Karaage, sashimi, tempura | Encourage communal dining |
| Heavier items | Nabe, rice dishes, noodles | End-of-night stomach lining |
Pacing yourself is essential in Japanese drinking culture, where sessions can last several hours. Strategies include:
- Alternating alcoholic drinks with water
- Taking small sips rather than large gulps
- Focusing on conversation and food rather than rapid consumption
- Knowing your limits and respecting them
Remember that while getting drunk isn’t necessarily taboo, maintaining composure and awareness of your surroundings is highly valued. Public drunkenness that disturbs others is considered disrespectful and reflects poorly on both you and potentially your organization.
By understanding and respecting these cultural practices, foreign visitors can participate more fully in one of Japan’s most important social rituals while building meaningful connections with their Japanese hosts and friends.
Popular Alcoholic Beverages in Japan
Japan offers a rich tapestry of alcoholic beverages that reflect its cultural heritage and innovative spirit. From centuries-old traditional drinks to modern favorites, the Japanese drinking landscape provides something for every palate.
Traditional Japanese Drinks
Sake (日本酒) stands as Japan’s national beverage and has been produced for over 2,000 years. This fermented rice wine typically contains 15-20% alcohol by volume and comes in various styles ranging from sweet (甘口, amakuchi) to dry (辛口, karakuchi). Premium sake varieties include junmai, ginjo, and daiginjo, each representing different rice-polishing ratios and brewing techniques. When visiting Japan, experiencing a sake tasting at a local brewery (酒蔵, sakagura) offers insight into this ancient craft.
Shochu (焼酎) is another traditional Japanese spirit, typically distilled from ingredients like sweet potato (imo), barley (mugi), rice (kome), or buckwheat (soba). With an alcohol content between 25-35%, shochu offers a clean, distinctive flavor profile that varies significantly based on its base ingredient. Many Japanese enjoy shochu on the rocks, with hot water (お湯割り, oyuwari), or mixed with fresh juice.
Japanese Beer and Whisky
Japan’s beer industry has evolved from the “Big Four” breweries (Asahi, Kirin, Sapporo, and Suntory) to include a thriving craft beer scene. Japanese lagers like Asahi Super Dry and Kirin Ichiban are renowned for their crisp, clean flavor profiles.
In recent years, craft beer (地ビール, ji-bīru) has exploded in popularity, with microbreweries across the country experimenting with unique ingredients and brewing styles.
Japanese whisky has earned international acclaim, often rivaling Scottish varieties in prestigious competitions. Brands like Yamazaki, Hakushu, and Nikka produce exceptional single malts and blended whiskies that showcase Japanese precision and craftsmanship.
The Japanese approach to whisky-making combines Scottish traditions with unique local techniques, often resulting in smooth, balanced spirits with subtle complexity.
Modern Japanese Mixed Drinks
Chu-hai (チューハイ) represents Japan’s take on the highball, combining shochu with carbonated water and fruit flavors. These refreshing canned drinks typically contain 3-9% alcohol and come in countless flavor variations from standard citrus to seasonal specialties like cherry blossom or autumn chestnut.
Strong Zero has developed a cult following among both locals and tourists for its high alcohol content (9%) combined with zero sugar and intense fruit flavors. First-time visitors should approach these deceptively easy-drinking beverages with caution—they earn their “strong” moniker honestly.
Fruit Wines and Liqueurs
Umeshu (梅酒), or plum wine, offers a sweet entry point for those new to Japanese alcohol. This liqueur is made by steeping green Japanese plums in shochu or neutral spirits with sugar, resulting in a sweet, fruity beverage typically containing 10-15% alcohol. Umeshu can be enjoyed on the rocks, with soda, or hot during winter months.
Other fruit-based liqueurs include yuzu-shu (made with yuzu citrus), mikan-shu (mandarin orange), and seasonal varieties featuring local fruits. These sweet, accessible drinks appeal to those who prefer less intense alcoholic beverages.
Regional Specialties
Each region of Japan boasts its own local specialties worth seeking out:
| Region | Notable Beverage | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Okinawa | Awamori | Distilled rice spirit aged in clay pots, often 30-60% ABV |
| Hokkaido | Potato shochu | Robust earthy flavors from local potatoes |
| Kyushu | Mugi (barley) shochu | Smooth with light grainy notes |
| Tohoku | Specialty sake | Often fuller-bodied due to colder climate |
Drinking Temperatures and Serving Styles
Japanese beverages are often enjoyed at specific temperatures to highlight their unique characteristics:
- Sake can be served chilled (冷酒, reishu), at room temperature (常温, jōon), or warm to hot (燗酒, kanzake), with different varieties suited to different temperature ranges
- Shochu is typically enjoyed on the rocks, with cold or hot water, or with fresh juice
- Whisky is often served as a highball (whisky and soda) in casual settings or neat/on the rocks for premium varieties
- Beer is almost always served cold, often in chilled glasses
Traditional serving vessels enhance the drinking experience:
- Sake may be served in small ceramic cups (おちょこ, ochoko), wooden boxes (枡, masu), or specialized glassware
- Shochu is typically enjoyed in a standard rocks glass
- Premium whisky might be presented in specialized glassware that enhances aromatics
When sampling these beverages in Japan, don’t hesitate to ask locals or bartenders for recommendations on the optimal way to enjoy each drink—part of the experience is learning the traditions that have developed around these distinctive Japanese alcoholic beverages.
Navigating Izakayas and Drinking Establishments
Japan’s drinking scene offers a diverse array of establishments, each with its own unique atmosphere and customs. Understanding how to navigate these venues will enhance your experience and help you avoid any cultural faux pas.
Types of Drinking Establishments
Japan offers various types of drinking venues to suit different preferences and occasions:
- Izakayas: These traditional Japanese pubs are the cornerstone of Japan’s drinking culture. Izakayas serve a variety of alcoholic beverages alongside small dishes meant for sharing. They range from casual, smoky establishments with low tables to more upscale venues.
- Tachinomi: Literally meaning “standing bars,” these establishments offer a more casual and often cheaper drinking experience where patrons stand while enjoying their drinks and small plates.
- Beer Halls: Larger venues specializing in draft beer, often featuring both Japanese and international brews. Many are operated by major Japanese breweries like Asahi, Kirin, and Sapporo.
- Sake Bars: Specialized establishments focusing on nihonshu (sake) with knowledgeable staff who can guide you through various regional varieties and brewing styles.
- Whisky Bars: Japan has gained international acclaim for its whisky, and dedicated bars offer extensive collections of both Japanese and international whiskies.
- Snack Bars: Small, hostess-run establishments where conversation is as important as the drinks. These typically cater to regular Japanese customers and may not be welcoming to tourists.
Ordering Etiquette
When ordering drinks in Japanese establishments, following these customs will help you fit in:
- Wait to be served: In most establishments, a server will come to your table. At izakayas, you may need to press a call button to summon service.
- Start with an order: It’s customary to order a drink as soon as you’re seated. The phrase “Toriaezu biiru” (とりあえずビール) meaning “beer to start with” is commonly used.
- Food ordering: At izakayas, it’s expected that you’ll order food alongside your drinks. Many establishments provide an otōshi or tsukidashi (small appetizer) automatically with your first drink.
- Pacing: Unlike Western bars, Japanese drinking establishments expect patrons to stay for extended periods, ordering multiple rounds of drinks and food.
- Shared bottles: When ordering sake or shochu, these often come in bottles meant to be shared among the table. Your server will typically pour the first round for everyone.
Payment Customs and Nomihoudai
Japan has unique payment systems in many drinking establishments:
- Table charges: Many izakayas and bars charge a sekiryō (席料) or table charge per person, typically ranging from 300-700 yen. This often includes a small appetizer.
- Nomihoudai: This all-you-can-drink option (飲み放題, literally “drink as much as you like”) is popular at many izakayas and offers unlimited drinks within a set time period (usually 1-2 hours) for a fixed price (typically 1,500-3,000 yen).
- Tabehodai: The all-you-can-eat counterpart to nomihoudai, sometimes offered in combination as “nomi-tabe-houdai.”
- Bill payment: In most establishments, you’ll receive a bill at your table and pay at the register when leaving, not to your server. Splitting bills is uncommon in Japan, though more tourist-friendly places may accommodate this request.
- Tipping: Remember that tipping is not customary in Japan and may even cause confusion.
Seating Arrangements
Different establishments offer various seating options:
- Counter seating: Popular for solo drinkers or pairs, counter seats allow interaction with staff and sometimes glimpses of food preparation.
- Tatami rooms: Traditional Japanese-style rooms with low tables where customers sit on cushions on the floor. These often require shoe removal and may have private or semi-private spaces.
- Western-style tables: Many modern establishments offer standard tables and chairs.
- Zashiki: These are private or semi-private rooms often reserved for groups or special occasions.
“In Japan, where you sit is often as important as what you drink. Counter seats are perfect for solo travelers looking to engage with staff, while tatami rooms offer an authentic Japanese drinking experience.”
Operating Hours
The operating hours of Japanese drinking establishments follow certain patterns:
- Izakayas typically open in the late afternoon (around 5:00 PM) and close late at night (midnight to 2:00 AM).
- Tachinomi may open earlier, sometimes even during lunch hours.
- Late-night venues in entertainment districts like Shinjuku’s Golden Gai or Shibuya may stay open until the last trains depart (around midnight) or even until sunrise.
- Last order calls are common about 30-60 minutes before closing time.
- Days off vary by establishment but are often displayed on the door or website. Many smaller establishments close one day per week.
Age Verification Practices
Japan takes its drinking age laws seriously, and establishments employ various verification methods:
- ID checks: While not universal, many establishments—particularly in tourist areas—will request identification from younger-looking patrons. Always carry your passport as your primary form of ID.
- Verification machines: Some venues use special machines that scan IDs to verify age.
- Self-verification: Some establishments, particularly chain izakayas, have customers verify their age when placing orders via tablet systems.
- Implicit trust: Smaller, local establishments may not actively check IDs but still maintain the right to refuse service if they suspect underage drinking.
- Vending machines: Modern alcohol vending machines require verification via special IC cards that confirm the user is of legal drinking age.
Understanding these customs and practices will help you navigate Japan’s drinking establishments with confidence and respect for local traditions. Whether you’re visiting a bustling izakaya in Tokyo or a quiet sake bar in Kyoto, these insights will enhance your experience and help you blend in with the locals.
Tips for Responsible Drinking in Japan
Japan’s drinking culture can be both exciting and overwhelming for visitors. While it’s perfectly acceptable to enjoy alcoholic beverages, doing so responsibly is essential for your safety and to respect local customs. Here are some comprehensive tips to ensure your drinking experience in Japan remains enjoyable and trouble-free.
Avoiding Public Intoxication
While public drinking is legal in Japan, public intoxication is strongly frowned upon. The Japanese have a concept called “meiwaku” (迷惑), which refers to causing trouble or inconvenience to others. Excessive drunkenness in public spaces falls squarely into this category.
- Maintain composure in public areas, even if you’ve been drinking
- Avoid loud, disruptive behavior on trains and in residential areas
- Remember that losing control due to alcohol is considered embarrassing and disrespectful
- If you see someone visibly intoxicated in public, note how rare this is among locals
Many Japanese people can consume alcohol while maintaining their composure and dignity—this is considered an admirable trait and something to emulate during your visit.
Transportation Options After Drinking
Japan has zero tolerance for drunk driving, with severe penalties including imprisonment, heavy fines, and deportation for foreigners. Fortunately, Japan offers excellent alternative transportation options:
| Transportation Option | Advantages | Considerations |
|---|---|---|
| Trains and Subways | Extensive coverage, affordable | Last trains typically run around midnight |
| Taxis | Available 24/7 in urban areas | More expensive than public transport |
| Ride-sharing Services | Convenient in major cities | Limited availability in rural areas |
| Walking | Free, good for sobering up | Only for short distances, stay in well-lit areas |
Pro tip: Before your night out, check the time of the last train back to your accommodation. If you plan to stay out later, budget for a taxi or consider booking accommodations closer to your drinking destination.
Hydration and Pacing Advice
The key to enjoying Japan’s drinking culture without regrets is proper pacing and hydration:
- Alternate alcoholic drinks with water – Many establishments provide free water; don’t hesitate to ask for “mizu” (水)
- Eat while drinking – Japanese drinking establishments typically serve food specifically designed to complement alcohol (otsumami)
- Know your limits – It’s perfectly acceptable to decline additional drinks by covering your glass with your hand and saying “kekkou desu” (結構です)
- Consider ordering non-alcoholic alternatives – Many venues offer alcohol-free beer and other options
“In Japan, drinking is often about the social experience rather than getting intoxicated. Taking your time and savoring both the drinks and the company is part of the culture.”
Understanding Alcohol Content of Japanese Drinks
Japanese alcoholic beverages can vary significantly in strength, and some might be stronger than what you’re accustomed to:
- Strong Zero and other chuhai – Despite their refreshing taste, these can contain 9% alcohol or more
- Shochu – Typically 25-30% alcohol content, stronger than sake
- Sake – Usually 15-16% alcohol content, similar to strong wine
- Japanese whisky – Comparable to scotch at around 40% alcohol content
Be particularly cautious with nomihoudai (all-you-can-drink) offers, as the fixed time limit might encourage faster consumption than is wise.
Emergency Contacts and Resources
In case of emergencies or alcohol-related issues:
- Police Emergency Number: 110
- Ambulance/Medical Emergency: 119
- Japan Helpline (24/7 English assistance): 0570-000-911
- Tourist Information Centers in major cities can provide guidance and support
If you’re feeling unwell after drinking, don’t hesitate to seek medical attention. Japanese convenience stores (konbini) also sell rehydration drinks like Pocari Sweat that can help with mild hangovers.
Remember that responsible drinking enhances cultural experiences in Japan. By respecting local customs and looking after your wellbeing, you’ll create positive memories of Japan’s unique drinking culture rather than regrettable incidents.
Common FAQs About Drinking in Japan
Can I drink if I’m 19 but 20 in kazoedoshi (traditional Japanese age counting)?
No, you cannot. While the traditional Japanese age-counting system (kazoedoshi) counts age differently than the Western system, the legal drinking age in Japan is based on your actual birth date.
The law specifically requires you to be 20 years old according to your birthdate, not the traditional counting method. This means you must have lived a full 20 years before you can legally consume alcohol in Japan.
Are there any exceptions to Japan’s drinking age?
There are no exceptions to Japan’s drinking age laws based on circumstances or special occasions. Unlike some countries that permit underage drinking with parental consent or for religious purposes, Japan maintains a strict policy that prohibits anyone under 20 from purchasing or consuming alcohol under any circumstances. This applies equally to Japanese citizens and foreign visitors.
What happens if I’m caught drinking underage in Japan?
If caught drinking underage, you could face:
- Confiscation of the alcoholic beverage
- Notification to parents/guardians (for minors)
- Potential fines
- For tourists, possible issues with visa status in severe or repeat cases
The establishment serving alcohol to minors faces much harsher penalties, including:
- Substantial fines (up to several million yen)
- Possible suspension or revocation of their liquor license
- Criminal charges for the individual who served the alcohol
What non-alcoholic alternatives are available in Japan?
Japan offers an impressive variety of non-alcoholic options:
| Beverage Type | Popular Examples |
|---|---|
| Tea | Green tea, barley tea, hojicha, mugicha |
| Soft Drinks | Ramune, Calpis, Melon Soda, Japanese-exclusive Coca-Cola flavors |
| Non-alcoholic Beer | Kirin Zero, Asahi Dry Zero, Sapporo Premium Alcohol Free |
| Mocktails | Many izakayas and bars offer alcohol-free versions of popular drinks |
| Specialty Drinks | Royal milk tea, coffee jelly drinks, seasonal fruit drinks |
Many establishments also serve amazake, a traditional sweet, low-alcohol or non-alcoholic drink made from fermented rice.
Are there regional differences in drinking laws across Japan?
While the legal drinking age of 20 is consistent throughout Japan, there are some regional differences in:
- Operating hours for establishments serving alcohol (some prefectures have different last call times)
- Public drinking regulations in specific areas (some tourist destinations or public parks may have local ordinances)
- Festival exceptions where certain areas might be more lenient about public drinking during specific cultural events
- Vending machine availability (some regions have more alcohol vending machines than others)
However, the fundamental law prohibiting alcohol consumption by anyone under 20 remains the same nationwide.
How do drinking customs differ during Japanese holidays and festivals?
“Festivals are when the gods come down to drink with us.” – Japanese saying
Japanese holidays and festivals often feature unique drinking customs:
- New Year (Oshogatsu): Drinking special sake called otoso for good health
- Cherry Blossom Season (Hanami): Outdoor parties with sake and beer under blooming cherry trees
- Bon Festival: Ancestral spirits are welcomed with offerings that may include sake
- Local Matsuri (Festivals): Often feature temporary sake stalls and special drinking areas
- Year-end Parties (Bonenkai): Literally “forget-the-year parties” where drinking helps leave behind the old year’s troubles
During these special occasions, public drinking may be more socially acceptable in designated areas, but the legal age restriction of 20 years remains strictly enforced, even during festivals.